Mechanism for transmitting motion



Oct. 5 1926.

1,602,246 F. OLDRQYD MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING MQTIQ N Filed April 11. 1921 4 sheets-sheet 1 F. OLDROYD MECHANISM F011 TRANSMITTING MOTION Filed April 11, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet Oct. 5

' 7 1,602,246 F. OLDROYD V MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed April 11, 1921 the shaft,

- I ran My improvements relates FEED oinnio n, or'crnorirnnrr, oirro.

FOR TBA'N-SMTE'D'IING MOTION:

' Application filediAprilill, 1&21, Seria1N'0.-4 6 O,362t

particularly to mechanism for transmitting mot-ion, by means otpawls and ratchet wheels.

The object of the such a mechanism.

invention isto produce of great strength and adapted to rapid and! prolonged operation,

under varying conditions, sion oflarge power.

'forthetransmis- In the accompanying drawings,

rotated, parts being Fig 2 isa side mechanism;

Fig. 1- isa plan of my. improved ratchet meehani'sm applied to a shaft" which is to be broken away elevation of the same Fig. 3is an upright section OIlrtllGi line,

3-3, of Fig 2, looking in the arrow;

Fig. 41s a section the direction of onthe line, H, ofzEig.

1', looking-in the direction of the arrow;

row;

Fig. 611s a detail Fig. 5 is asection on. the; line, Fig. '1, looking in thed rection of: the ar-- plan showing; the: rocking member andpawlin the middle position;

Fig.

7 is an upright: section on the line,

77, ofFigpl', looking in the direction of the arrow, the positions of the rocking structure and the cam Figi 8 is a-section having been changed;

onthe line, 8.8, ofiFig.

7, looking in the direction ofthe arrow;

Eig. 9 is a detail springs and the plates held, the parts being partially separated. Referring to said drawings,-

are

zontal shaftv restin B and B A ratchet wheel keyed to saidshaft andhas teeth,

ed for rotation of clockwise as viewed- At each side of coking member, G,

D; surrounds and" view showing the blade by which said springs S- is a horig in suitable bearings,

, A, surrounds and is A directsaid wheel and 'shaft in Figs; 4:; 5, and-7.

the ratchet wheel is a which loosely surrounds S. At the rear of saidrocking members, as viewed Fla; 1,.a1set collar, 7

is fixed to" said shaft,

whereby said rocking member is prevented from moving parallel to-the shaft, S:

Said rocking members extend above-the ratchet wheel and are oined to each other lov two horizontal? cylindrical shafts, P and E which hat e their ends extendingr into apertures, 5- through the; rockin extending g members:- The shaft,

horizontally 11 of;= the; pawl, extending. forward. and

downward into; engagement A of: the ratchet, wheel, I

iikibridge plate, F, extends. acrosstheispace with the teeth,

,betweemtheupper, ends otthe rocking memberssandihas-itsends resting, upon said membersi. Gap; screws, E extend downward through said; bridge plate into the v rocking members; and fiX said. plate. immovahly to said membersz The; rocking members, andthc shafts, l? and E1 and :the bridge plate, F, together constitute; at rocking structure. wherebythe pawl, ,E and, the forward, end-of, the pitman; 1?; arecarriech;

Iti: thismechanism; were; at all times operatedislowly. and extending above; the, shaft-,S, as, shown in the; drawings, the pawl 1 might satisfactorily and relia loly; make engagement with the ratchetteeth through the action of gravity; but, as; above indicated, the; oscillations of the rocking structure are to be frequent and prolonged, and the. power-to be transmitted is: to be large. Furthermore, themechanism isstowloe;adaptedfor operation under with V- the rocking structure;

variationsof; position of the-shaft, S, and Y out; of the horizontal, and evenso turned as to reflect-1 a complete inversionof that part of the machine, including; the rocking structure, s-ozthat-the;pitmEmandthe pawl will be; below. the; shattgfi, the pawl; tending to turn; away. from, the ratchet wheel by theaction: .of'gravity; l

This :wide. rangeiot variation-under which the PE'LWlZlSntO work, and the rapidityof the reciprocation and the;v large power- (0 be transmitted call forrthe; control 1 of the pawl by 'an' efi icientt spring mechanism which is adapted to'- permit: the? ready outward movement ofthe' noseofftheqpawl in;respon se to outwardzpressurezby one of. the teeth of the ratchet wheel, and: which will" causethe pawl topromptly turn toward, the. ratchet wheel as soon as the nose oil the I pawl, has passedi tooth; Aendi said: springv mecha nism: mustflbeidurable; and reliablefor action under rapid and prolonged oscillation of the rocking structure.

A group of thin, highly tempered steel blade springs, G, G G and G are used for this purpose. These springs are superposed and approximately parallel to the pawl and have their rear ends resting upon the bridge plate, F. A tension plate, G, rests on the upper of said springs. Cap screws, G and G extend through said plate and said springs, the screw, G being placed forward of the screw, G The lower or inner spring, G, is so curved as to cause its. lower end to bear upon the forward or outer face of the pawl near the nose of the pawl. The next spring, G is located above the spring, G, and is shorter than the latter and is so curved as to cause its forward or freeend to bear upon the spring, G. Each succeeding spring is shorter than the next lower spring and is so curved as to cause its forward or free end to bear upon the next lower spring. Thus all of the springs assist each other, the resistance of the several springs being combined. Furthermore, every one of these springs is free to bend along its entire length independently of the bending of the other springs. That is to say, the rear ends of the springs are held immovably between the tension plate and the bridge plate, and the forward ends of the springs so bear upon each other as to move in unison excepting for a creeping of the forward end of each spring upon the next lower spring; but between their ends, all the springs are free to bend or flex independently of each other, so that one may bend at one part more than another bends at the corresponding part. This results in slow degrees of movement of the springs relatively to each other. It is obvious that such movement would be absent if only a single larger spring were used or if the forward ends of the springs were so held as to compel movement in unison.

The tension plate, G already mentioned,

v rests upon said group of springs and is loosely penetrated by the cap screws, G and G said screws extending through relatively large apertures, G in the plate. Said plate extends forward of said cap screws to approximately the middle of the length of the springs, and said plate is curved downward to conform approximately to the upper face of the upper spring.

By raising or lowering the cap screws, the springs are made to bear downward upon the pawl with corresponding variation of intensity. The openings, G in the tension plate arepreferably made larger than the diameter of the cap screws, in orderthat either cap screw may be set lower or higher than the other, whereby the tension plate may be tilted so as to bring its outer or free end higher or lower than is the case when'its Opposite end is parallel to the bridge plate.

The adjustment of the tension plate may be further varied by the use of any desired number of washers, G on the cap screws, G and G ln considering the service to be performed by the spring, it must be noted that during the rapid operation of the mechanism, the sudden stopping of the quick forward stroke tends to throw the free end of the pawl forward away from the ratchet wheel, the pawl being new in the upright position, as shown in Fig. 7. Such tendency to outward movement of the pawl must be definitely overcome, and yet the slipping-of the nose of the pawl over the ratchet teeth must be made as easy as is possible.

Preventing failure to engage the ratchet teeth by the pawl on account of forward momentum acting on the pawl at the termination of the forward stroke is especially.

important in View of the adjusting means herein described for, at the will of the op erator, postponing engagement by the pawl with the ratchet teeth until nearly the limit of the forward stroke, at which time the pawl is approximately in the upright position or with its length approximately perpendicular to the bodily movement of the pawl, whereby the momentum acting on the pawl will tend to turn the pawl away from the ratchet wheel.

The means for varying the engagement of the pawl during the stroke, the stroke being of uniform range, will now be described.

On the pawl, near the nose of the latter is a pin or arm, H, which is parallel to the shaft, S, and islong enough to extend into the plane of the cam, H which loosely surrounds theshaft, S, and extends outward from the shaft, S, farther than the position of the arm, H, from said axis when t-hepawl is in engagement with the ratchet wheel. The outer edge of the cam is concentric to said axis and is of suflicient length to support the arm, H, during any desired part of the stroke. The cam is adapted to be so turned as to be entirely out of the path of the arm, H, or so as to extend into as much of said path as may be desired.

Between the cam, H andthe adjacent bearing, B, a spacing sleeve, H surrounds the shaft, S, and fills the space between said bearing and the cam, whereby the latter is held against movement away from the adj a cent rocking member.

On the outer side face of the cam, H, is a wrist, H to which is coupledthe forward end of a pitman, H. The rear end of said pitman is coupled to a crank, H which is rigid. on a shaft, H, which rests in a sta- I tionary bearing, H in the wall, Vl Said shaft extends through said bearing and supports a hand crank, H A plate, H is secured by bolts, H, to the outer face of the wall, W', concentric to the shaft, H and between the crank, H 1, and said wall. In

said= plate are-sockets, H adapted to receive a locklng pm, H slidably mounted 1n the crank, Hig'and controlled Ibya small rocking, lever, H3 adjacentthehandle of' the crank, I-IP. depressing'saida lever, Hi, the? pin-,"l htt, is'drawn away from the plate, H and out of the socket, H in which the pin may at the time be engaged.

An expanding spring H normally presses the lever, B, away from the crank, whereby the pin is driven in to any one of the sockets, H, with which the pin is made to register by the movement of the crank, H The sockets, H, are spacedto permit setting the crank, H in such positions as will cause the placing of the cam, H into various desired positions. Lugs, H formed on the plate, I-I", limit the throw of the hand crank.

Thus we have a pawl and ratchet transmission mechanism comprising a rocking member which may be actuated continuously at high speed for the transmission of great I power through the shaft, S, and the mechanism comprising provision for varying the range of turning of the shaft during every stroke and the complete suspension of transmission being effected by holding the pawl away from the ratchet wheel during the entire reciprocation of the pawl.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking struc ture, a ratchet wheel, a pawl hinged on said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel, and a group of blade springs curved on different radii and superposed and having one end secured to the rocking structure and having the other end arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

2. Ina mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking structure, a ratchet wheel, a pawl hinged to said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel,a tension plate, adjustable means for securing the tension plate, and a group of blade springs superposed and engaged by the tension plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

3. In a mechanism of the nature described, the combination of -a rocking structure, a ratchet wheel, a pawl hinged to said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel, a tension plate, adjustable means for securing the tension plate, and a group of blade springs curved on different radii and superposed and engaged by the tension plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

4. In a mechanism of the nature described,

superposed ccur drtothe br ge P at arranged;-toitra sln ty e d ng p ess r on the pawl, substantially as described.

5. Ina mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking structure comprising a bridge plate, a ratchet wheel, a

pawl hinged on sand rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel, and a groupof blade springs superposed and curved on difierent radii and secured to the bridge plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

6. In a mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking structure comprising a bridge plate, a ratchet wheel, a pawl hinged on said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel, a tension plate, and a group of blade springs superposed and engaged by the tension plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

7. In a mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking structure comprising a bridge plate, a ratchet wheel,

a pawl hinged on said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel, a tension plate, and a group of blade springs superposed and (:urved on different radii and engaged by the tension plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

' 8. In a mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking structure cornprising a bridge plate, a ratchet wheel, a pawl hinged on said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the. ratchet wheel, a tension plate having relatively large apertures, binding members extending through said apertures, and a group of blade springs superposed and engaged by said tension plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

9. In a mechanism of the nature described, the combination of a rocking structure comprising a bridge plate, a ratchet wheel, a pawl hinged on said rocking structure in position to bearupon the periphery of the ratchetwheel, a tension plate having relatively large apertures, binding members extending through said apertures, and a group of blade springs superposed and curved on different radii and engaged by said tension plate and arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

10. In a mechanism of the kind described,

the combination of a rocking structure comprising two side members and a bridge plate, a ratchet wheel located between the side members, a pawl hinged on said rocking structure in position to bear upon the periphery of the ratchet wheel, and a group of blades superposed and having one end secured to the rocking structure and having the other end arranged to transmit yielding pressure on the pawl, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name, this 6th day of April, in the year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-one.

FRED OLDROYD. 

